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Contents

Introduction: State in Society in Indonesia

Gerry van Klinken and Joshua Barker

Reflections on the State in Indonesia

Joshua Barker and Gerry van Klinken

Negara Beling: Street-Level Authority in an Indonesian Slum

Joshua Barker

Milk Coffee at 10 AM:
Encountering the State through Pilkada in North Sumatra

Deasy Simandjuntak

The Majelis Ulama Indonesia versus “Heresy”:
The Resurgence of Authoritarian Islam

John Olle

Reading Politics from a Book of Donations:
The Moral Economy of the Political Class in Sumba

Jacqueline Vel

Provincial Business and Politics

Syarif Hidayat and Gerry van Klinken

Governing Villages in Indonesia’s Coastal Zone

Dorian Fougères

Their Moment in the Sun:
The New Indonesian Parliamentarians from the Old OKP

Loren Ryter

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Contributors

Gerry van Klinken is a permanent research fellow with the KITLV research program that led to the present book. He also coordinates the research program, “In Search of Middle Indonesia,” at KITLV. After earning a MSc in geophysics (Macquarie University, Sydney, 1978), he taught physics in universities in Malaysia and Indonesia (1979–91). In 1996, he moved into Asian Studies with a PhD dissertation at Griffith University, Brisbane, which was published as “Minorities, Modernity, and the Emerging Nation: Christians in Indonesia, a Biographical Approach” (2003). Since then, he has taught and researched at universities in Australia, Indonesia, and the Netherlands. He edited the Australian quarterly magazine Inside Indonesia from 1996 to 2002 and frequently comments on Indonesia in the mass media. John Olle has a degree in Asian Studies from the University of New England, an Honours degree and PhD in politics from Deakin University, and a Diploma of Education from Monash University. He spent most of the period 1995–2006 researching and teaching at Indonesian universities, as well as being involved in education development work with pesantren and Islamic schools in Java. Since 2007, he has been teaching and training language teachers at the Centre for Language Programs at Holmesglen Institute in Melbourne, Australia.

Joshua Barker is Associate Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Toronto. He received his BA from Trent University, his MA from SOAS, and his PhD from Cornell University. He has taught and conducted research at the Bandung Institute of Technology in Indonesia and has been a postdoctoral fellow at Twente University, KITLV, and Stockholm University. His research focuses on Indonesia, where he has examined various themes relating to his three main topics of interest: urban studies, crime and security, and new technologies.

Dorian Fougères earned his PhD in political ecology at the University of California at Berkeley in 2005. His dissertation, “Aquarian Capitalism and Transition in Indonesia,” examined how the nature of resources and territories makes capitalist development in fisheries and aquaculture differ from that in agriculture. In 1998 he earned a BA, summa cum laude, in action research and anthropology at Cornell University. He currently works as an Assistant Facilitator at the Center for Collaborative Policy, in Sacramento, California, on statewide water and climate-change policy. His latest area of professional development is whole systems change and large-scale methods.

Syarif Hidayat has been a researcher at the Puslitbang Ekonomi dan Pembangunan (PEP, Centre for Economic and Development Studies) within the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) in Jakarta since 1990. In 1999, he earned his PhD at Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, with a dissertation entitled “Decentralised Politics in a Centralised Political System: A Study of Local-State Power in West Java and West Sumatra in New Order Indonesia.” He lectures part-time in the postgraduate programs of Trisakti University (in economics) and National University (social and political sciences), both in Jakarta.

Loren Ryter received his PhD in political science from the University of Washington in 2002. He taught political science at Cornell University from 2002 to 2006. He is currently affiliated with the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of Michigan.

Deasy Simandjuntak, formerly a lecturer at the Department of International Relations of the University of Indonesia, is finishing her PhD dissertation, entitled “Who Shall Be Radja? Local Elites Competition in the Decentralization of North Sumatra,” at the University of Amsterdam.

Jacqueline Vel is a research fellow at the Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law, Governance, and Development of Leiden University. Her book on local politics and democratization in eastern Indonesia, Uma Politics: An Ethnography of Democratization in West Sumba, Indonesia, 1986–2006, appeared in August 2008. After gaining a MSc in agricultural economics (Wageningen Agricultural University, 1983), she worked as development worker and researcher on the island of Sumba in eastern Indonesia from 1984 until 1990. She obtained her PhD at Wageningen University (1994) with a dissertation entitled “The Uma Economy: Indigenous Economics and Development Work in Lawonda, Sumba (Eastern Indonesia).” Then she was policy adviser for the Dutch NGO ICCO for nearly two years. In 1997 she moved into Asian Studies at the University of Amsterdam. Her current research at the Van Vollenhoven Institute (since 2006) concerns legal change in post-1998 Indonesia regarding natural resources, access to justice, and social-legal aspects of bio-fuel production.

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